Go by Example - Interfaces

翻译自 https://gobyexample.com/

Go by Example

Go is an open source programming language designed for building simple, fast, and reliable software.

Go by Example is a hands-on introduction to Go using annotated example programs. Check out the first example or browse the full list below.

Go by Example: Interfaces

golang中接口被定义为一系列方法的集合。

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package main

import "fmt"
import "math"

// 定义一个基本几何图形的接口
type geometry interface {
area() float64
perim() float64
}

// 定义两个结构体 rect和circle 实现这个接口
type rect struct {
width, height float64
}

type circle struct {
radius float64
}

// golang中实现一个接口类型,只需实现该接口所有的方法
func (r rect) area() float64 {
return r.width * r.height
}

func (r rect) perim() float64 {
return 2*r.width + 2*r.height
}

func (c circle) area() float64 {
return math.Pi * c.radius * c.radius
}

func (c circle) perim() float64 {
return 2 * math.Pi * c.radius
}

// 如果一个变量实现了一个接口类型,则该变量可以调用接口所有的方法
func measure(g geometry) {
fmt.Println(g)
fmt.Println(g.area())
fmt.Println(g.perim())
}

func main() {
r := rect{width: 3, height: 4}
c := circle{radius: 5}

measure(r)
measure(c)
}
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$ go run interfaces.go
{3 4}
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{5}
78.53981633974483
31.41592653589793

延伸阅读: how-to-use-interfaces-in-go

原文链接:Go by Example: Interfaces